Toyotomi Hideyoshi was a preeminent daimyō, warrior, general, samurai, and politician of the Sengoku period who is regarded as Japan's second "great unifier". He succeeded his former liege lord, Oda Nobunaga, and brought an end to the Warring Lords period. The period of his rule is often called the Momoyama period, named after Hideyoshi's castle. After his death, his young son Hideyori was displaced by Tokugawa Ieyasu.
Hideyoshi is noted for a number of cultural legacies, including the restriction that only members of the samurai class could bear arms. He financed the construction, restoration, and rebuilding of many temples standing today in Kyoto.
He is also known for ordering the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98).
Very little is known for certain about Hideyoshi before 1570 when he begins to appear in surviving documents and letters. His autobiography starts in 1577 but in it, Hideyoshi spoke very little about his past. According to tradition, he was born in Owari Province, the home of the Oda clan (present-day Nakamura-Ku, Nagoya in Aichi Prefecture). He was born of no traceable samurai lineage, being the son of a peasant-ashigaru (foot soldier) named Yaemon. He had no surname, and his childhood given name was Hiyoshi-maru ("Bounty of the Sun") although variations exist.
Yaemon died in 1543 when Hideyoshi was 7, the younger of two children, his sibling being an older sister.
Many legends describe Hideyoshi being sent to study at a temple as a young man, but he rejected temple life and went in search of adventure. Under the name Kinoshita Tōkichirō, he first joined the Imagawa clan as a servant to a local ruler named Matsushita Yukitsuna. He traveled all the way to the lands of Imagawa Yoshimoto, daimyō of Suruga Province, and served there for a time, only to abscond with a sum of money entrusted to him by Matsushita Yukitsuna.
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