A lingua franca (/ˌ l ɪ ŋɡ w ə ˈ f r æ ŋ k ə / ), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language or vehicular language, is a language or dialect systematically (as opposed to occasionally, or casually) used to make communication possible between people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages.
Lingua francas have developed around the world throughout human history, sometimes for commercial reasons (so-called "trade languages") but also for cultural, religious, diplomatic and administrative convenience, and as a means of exchanging information between scientists and other scholars of different nationalities. The term originates with one such language, Mediterranean Lingua Franca.
Lingua franca is a term defined functionally, that is "independently of the linguistic history or structure of the language". Pidgins and creoles often function as lingua francas, but many such languages are neither pidgins nor creoles.
Whereas a vernacular language is used as a native language in a community, a lingua franca is used beyond the boundaries of its original community and is used as a second language for communication between groups. For example, English is a vernacular in the United Kingdom but is used as a lingua franca in the Philippines and India. Russian and French serve a similar purpose as industrial/educational lingua francas in many areas.
International auxiliary languages such as Esperanto have not had a great degree of adoption globally so they cannot be described as global lingua francas.
There is no schedule or ticket right now.
日本、〒100-0006 東京都千代田区有楽町１丁目１１−１ 読売会館７F Map
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "common language", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
Content listed above is edited and modified some for making article reading easily. All content above are auto generated by service.
All images used in articles are placed as quotation. Each quotation URL are placed under images.
All maps provided by Google.